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Cadences and 6/4 Chords

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Cadences and 6/4 Chords Lecture Notes: Melodic Bassline - Melody happens in the bass. Arpeggiated Bass - Onl the Bass moves in 5th & the upper voices stay the sams Types of Cadences Perfect Authentic Cadence ( PAC ) is the most final-sounding cadence. Always ends in the root position Imperfect Authentic Cadence ( IAC ) - A dominant function to a tonic function. Dont end in the root position ( PAC but inverted ). Half Cadence   - Ends on the dominant Chord. Deceptive Cadence (interrupted ) - When the dominant doesn't resolve to the 1, then it would be end anywhere and tonic. Image from: https://dictionary.onmusic.org/terms/1034-deceptive_cadence Plagal Cadence - When the IV (4) resolves to a I ( 1 ). The above shows the list of the types of  cadences  and   how the functions work. Image from: https://www.8notes.com/school/theory/phrases_and_cadences.asp?show=all Types of 6/4 Chords Pedal ( Neighbor ) 6/4 - bass is stationary while the upper voices move. The upper voices moved i

SATB Style

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  S.A.T.B Style Lecture Notes: In S.A.T.B ., you would have to double a note for most triad chords. The safest note to double is the root or tonic . Another safe note that can be doubled is the fifth . The above shows the Tonic  note ( G ) doubled in G major triad . Image from: https://www.schoolofcomposition.com/beginners-guide-to-4-part-harmony/ In some cases doubling the  third  is acceptable, but in most cases, it wouldn't be ideal because it can sometimes overpower the harmony. In Dominant chords, do not double the third because it's a tendency note. In most cases, doubling a tendency note  is unacceptable because it would feel the need to resolve. Open Position - When there are chord tones between the intervals. Closed Position - When there are no chord tones between the intervals. Image from: https://www.thejazzpianosite.com/jazz-piano-lessons/jazz-chord-voicings/open-voicings/ In S.A.T.B , it is not acceptable to have an octave or more apart between the three up

From Counterpoint to Choral Style

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From Counterpoint to Choral Style Lecture Notes: A Cadence is a sequence of notes or choral comprising the close of a musical phrase. There are  three (3)  roles of chords: Tonic: It's the home  base. This would usually be found in the tonic and submediant (relative minor) chords. ( I )   ( vi ) Predominant: Leads to the  Dominant.  ( ii )   ( IV )   Dominant: It has the leading tone which takes you back to the  tonic.  ( V7 )   ( vii °)   ( iii ):  The   odd tune. It doesn't belong to any category. It is used as a passing chord. Image from: https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Theory_for_the_21st-Century_Classroom_%28Hutchinson%29/09%3A_Harmonic_Progression_and_Harmonic_Function/9.04%3A_Harmonic_Function The chordal dissonance would be the class within the chord that has the tendency to resolve. Chordal dissonance  falls under the Dominant category. In the Dominant Chord, there are two sevenths: The 3rd  of the chord (7th degree) and the 7th of the chord. B

4th - 5th Species Counterpoint

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4th and 5th Species Counterpoint Lecture Notes: The fourth species  counterpoint moves only the 3rd beat of each measure using only half notes. The fourth species  counterpoint has  three ( 3 )parts: Preparation: The note from the previous  bar will be  consonant to agree with the bass note. Suspension: The downbeat of the next measure will be dissonant  because of the tied note from the previous measure to the next. Resolution: The dissonant must resolve  to a consonant  on the 3rd beat. Image from: https://hellomusictheory.com/learn/species-counterpoint/ The fifth species  counterpoint is a mixture of all of the species from the  first to the fourth put together. Image from: https://musictheory.pugetsound.edu/mt21c/FifthSpecies.html You must have eighth   notes placed somewhere in the cantus firmus. Image from: http://www.fittonmusic.com/writing/harmony/counterpoint/fifthspeciescounterpoint.html Here's a YouTube video from " AlanBelkin ".  In this video, he gives yo

Counterpoint Part 2

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Counterpoint Part 2 Lecture Notes: First species  counterpoint are all whole notes. Image from: https://www.ars-nova.com/CounterpointStudy/firstspecies.html Second species counterpoint has two half notes against the cantus firmus whole notes. . Image from: https://www.ars-nova.com/cpmanual/secondspecies.htm Third species  counterpoint has four quarter notes against the cantus firmus whole notes. Image from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterpoint Types of Motions  There are four (4)  motions: Parallel, Similar Contrary, and Oblique.  Image from: https://viva.pressbooks.pub/openmusictheory/chapter/species-counterpoint/ Here's a YouTube video from the YouTuber: " Dr. Kati Meyer Music Theory ". In this video, she teaches you the rules and guidelines that should be used in the  2nd Species Counterpoint . She walks you through what they are and the techniques. Here's a YouTube video from " AlanBelkin ".  In this video, he shows you the rules of third-specie

Cantus Firmus Video

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This is a video of me playing a Cantus Firmus that I created from the bass line given to me using the keyboard. It is in the key of C majo r. Here is the score that I composed through the bass line that was given to me. 

Introduction to Counterpoint:

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Introduction to Counterpoint Lecture Notes: Counterpoint is referred to as voicings. Cantus firmus is a species of counterpoint that means fixed melody. The melody is made up of whole notes. Image from: https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/107570/what-is-considered-a-proper-cantus-firmus Pen Ultimate is what happens before the last note. It acts as a magnetic force to resolve to the very last note. Tendency Note - this is a note that must resolve. The Leading tone plays an important role in this. The 7th note  of the scale needs to resolve to the tonic  by raising it one-half step.  Image from: https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/100492/what-is-a-diatonic-tendency-tone Conjunct and Disjunct Conjunct are mostly in a stepwise motion.  Disjunct  are notes in a stepwise motion with alot of leaps and skips . A  skip  is another motions of moving to a  3rd , and a  leap  is an interval of a  4th  or more The shape of the melody is almost like a mountain or stairs. Image fr